With about 1,3 thousand million people today about 20 % of the world population live face-moderately in the People's Republic of China, to Russia, Canada and the USA the fourth-biggest country of the earth with more than 3400 off-shore islands.

About 1,1 thousand million Chinesen- that are about 90 % the Entire population- belong to the ethnic group of the Han, after that the Zuhang with 18 million people (1,4 %) follow, the Muslim Hui and that Manchu with in each case ewa 10th million (0,8 %) as well as the turkstämmigen Uiguren with 7 million (0,6 %) the Yi with 6 million (0,5 %) and the Miao with 6 million (0,5 %) for this purpose come still about 5 million Tibetans in addition as well as about 5 million Mongolians in the autonomous region of the Innerne Mongolei.
During the power takeover through the communists 1953 under Mao Dsedong was the Chinese population hardly 600 million people, in 1964 already just 700 million were it, and in 1983 the billion border was crossed. In order to counter this rapid increase in population, the by law anchored regulation was been entitled the One- child family introduced, after der- of few exceptions ab ge sehen- every married couple fundamental only still a child, as well as raised the official marriage age.

The official official language of the Chinese is Putonghua which belongs to the sino- Tibetan language family to the northern one zweig and bases itself on the Pekinger dialect. It is spread since many years in the country. Next to that there are another 12 more languages and numerous dialects.

In spite of that one meanwhile rapidly wachsenden industrialization today still about two thirds of all Chinese on the country live. This is also to be put down to the prohibition for the rural population, to move into the cities. By that the origin should be prevented from slums.
The origins of the "empire the Mite" reach far back: According to a legend the first Chinese lived in the valley of the yellow river (Huang He) in east China, archeologically busy is, however, only, that it in this region already around about 5500 in front of Chr. first rice farmers gab. During the Yangshao- culture in the field of Henan (5000- 3000 before Chr. ) became in North China basket- and made varnish goods, silk, Textillien, jade jewelry as well as potter's wheel ceramics.

Also the first Shang- dynasty is historically provable past 1500- 1050 before Chr., whose capital lay in the north-Chinese province Henan. Then there were already refined agriculture (Millet, wheat, barley, rice) as well as a marked animal husbandry; into this time also the production of arms as well as of masks and monumental figures falls of bronze. Further inventions of this epoch were the written language as well as the technique of the porcelain production. At the Top of the empire the king stood, followed from one military- aristocratic nobility shift and the class of the priests, that except for responsible for the ancestor and God cult also for the historiography and animal bone oracles waren. During the Zhou- dynasty (1050- 221 before Chr.) it resulted in a detailed extension of the empire, and numerous independent feudal states with a God king chosen by succession and a powerful noble warrior class that luxurious life-style went at the expense of the impoverished farmer and slave shift arose. In the 6th and 5th Jh. before Chr., a time of increasing inside and aussen-political conflicts, the philosophers of the founders of the Konfuzianismus, the founders of the Konfuzianismus that puts the cultivation of human virtues and social order into the foreground lived.

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